Monday, 22 December 2008

Feliz Navidad!!!!


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GeNeRaCiOnAsErE | Casa de la BLOGOESTROIKA: ¿Regresarías a Vivir en Cuba?

GeNeRaCiOnAsErE Casa de la BLOGOESTROIKA: ¿Regresarías a Vivir en Cuba?

Saturday, 20 December 2008

Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2008 17:11:22 -0500From: info@cubacentral.comSubject: Latin America to Obama: End Embargo!











































December 19, 2008





























Dear Friend:This is our interpretation of events cascading out of Latin America.Cuba is engaged in a diplomatic offensive- along with the other nations of the Americas - that is anticipating the changing of the guard in Washington, DC. The target audience for this activity is President-elect Obama. It is strategic. It is coordinated. It is unfolding in plain view. While the message is greater than the sum of its parts, the parts are pretty interesting by themselves.President Ra?astro has made another offer to engage in dialogue with President-elect Obama, and he publicly discussed a prisoner exchange offering to release political prisoners in Cuba for return of The Cuban Five. Thirty-three Latin American and Caribbean heads of state issued a unanimous call for the United States to drop its embargo against Cuba. The Presidents of Ecuador, Argentina, and Mexico announced plans to visit Cuba early in 2009, joining President Michelle Bachelet of Chile, who previously announced her intentions to visit the Island next year. Cuba and Venezuela signed agreements on energy, Cuba and Jamaica agreed to cooperate on tourism, and Cuba is about to host naval vessels from Russia for the first time since the collapse of the Soviet Union.How do we read all of this escalating activity? On one hand, Cuba is offering to engage in diplomacy with the United States, and is putting the onus on Mr. Obama to decide whether he will be a willing partner once he enters the White House. To add to this intriguing new posture, President Castro put the subject of political prisoners in the mix, a reference to Obama's campaign position on how he would move the U.S.-Cuba relationship forward. Like a chorus adding its encouragement, the entire region is raising its voice urging an end to the U.S. embargo of Cuba, another sign that the incoming president must consider. At the same time, Cuba has another message - no matter how President Obama decides to respond to this opening, Cuba is moving forward aggressively to mend and extend its relationships in the region and the world, giving the United States another incentive to participate or risk being marginalized. That's our interpretation; what's yours? And, what's Obama's?This week was an extraordinary week in Cuba news...









U.S.-CUBA DIALOGUE?Castro offers to dialogue with Obama as "equals"Ra?astro reiterated his offer this week to engage in a dialogue with President-elect Obama if it is done as "equals," the Granma reported. Referring to the embargo, which Cuba calls a blockade, Castro said: "It's been almost 50 years now, it's time for it to end; it's dying. It's time to start getting ready, because the blockade has no perspective; the gentleman, the president of the United States said during his election campaign that he will ease the blockade, but if it's maintained, that is the carrot and the stick." "Mr. Obama, president of the United States, whose virtues we acknowledge, should know that now is the moment of truth," the Cuban president added. Referring to comments former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright made to Brazilian officials last week, Castro said it is not fair to expect Cuba to make the first gesture. "Why don't they lift the blockade? Mrs. Madeleine Albright, former secretary of state in the William Clinton administration, stated that for that to happen, Cuba had to make gestures. Gestures of what? Gestures for what? Why gestures by a small country under attack?" he said. He suggested that Cuba and the United States could work out their differences through respect and dialogue. "The world would be a very boring place if we all had to think alike; difference is a virtue. We have to know how to deal with discrepancies, respecting others, but demanding respect for ourselves," said Castro. Prisoner exchangeRa?astro suggested that he would be willing to release political prisoners as a "gesture" to the United States as long as the gesture was returned, BBC News reported. When asked about political prisoners by reporters, Castro responded by saying: "Let's do it gesture for gesture," essentially a call for the U.S. to release five Cubans held on espionage related charges.Castro, referring to the political prisoners, told reporters: "These prisoners you talk about - they want us to let them go? They should tell us tomorrow. We'll send them with their families and everything. Give us back our five heroes. That is a gesture on both parts."Ren?onz?z, Antonio Guerrero, Gerardo Hern?ez, Ram?aba? and Fernando Gonz?z have served more than 10 years in U.S. jails and are considered national heroes in Cuba. In reaction, the U.S. State Department said that the proposal would not be accepted, the Agence-France Presse reported. "The issue of political prisoners held against their will, merely for making peaceful protests, is independent of the case of the five spies tried and convicted under due process of the U.S. judicial system," the Department's deputy spokesman Robert Wood told AFP.The five Cubans were convicted in 2001 of espionage and sentenced to long prison terms, but the Cuban government argues that they were only monitoring violent Cuban-American groups in Miami that planned terrorist attacks on Cuba. You can read the Granma article here. You can read the BBC News story here.You can read the AFP story here.DIPLOMACYLeaders from the region demand U.S. end embargo of Cuba Latin American leaders meeting in Brazil have demanded an end to the 46-year-old U.S. embargo on Cuba in a joint declaration endorsed by 33 heads of state from the nations of Latin America and the Caribbean, the Agence France-Presse reported. "We ask the Government of the United States of America to fulfill the requirements of the 17 successive resolutions approved by the United Nations General Assembly and put an end to the economic, trade and financial blockade it maintains against Cuba," said a statement released at the conclusion of the summit. One month before President-elect Obama is set to take office, the leaders urged the "immediate" scrapping of measures reinforcing the embargo introduced under President Bush over the past five years and slammed the 1996 Helms-Burton law that blocks foreign investment and sources of finance for Cuba."In the defense of free exchanges and the transparent practice of international trade, the application of unilateral coercive measures that affect the well-being of the people and obstruct the processes of integration are unacceptable," the statement said.Ra?astro, attending his first multilateral summit abroad since becoming Cuba's president called the meeting "magnificent" and said that he finds the results "very good." You can read the AFP story here. Castro's diplomacy at the LA-Caribbean SummitIn the past few months, Brazilian President Lula da Silva, Venezuelan President Hugo Ch?z, Chinese President Hu Jintao and Russian President Dimitri Medv?v have all visited Cuba to sign new cooperation agreements and strengthen relations with Cuba as talk of some sort of dialogue between Castro and incoming President-elect Obama emerges. Castro took advantage of his trip to Brazil to further strengthen relations with countries in the region. Ecuador: President Correa will visit CubaThe President of Ecuador, Rafael Correa, will visit Cuba January 7-10, 2009 to meet with Ra?astro, according to a document released by an Ecuadorian delegation that attended the Latin American and Caribbean Summit in Brazil, EcoDiario newspaper reported. According to Ecuadorian Chancellor Falcon?Correa and Ra?astro met for "more than three hours" during the summit. The meeting marked the beginning of a "dialogue about the work agenda that Correa will carry out on his visit to Cuba, and also to discuss strategic issues to consolidate relations between the two countries," he added. You can read the EcoDiario article here (in Spanish).Argentina: President Kirchner will visit Cuba Argentine President Cristina Fern?ez de Kirchner will travel to Cuba between January 12 and 15th, El Pais reported. The working agenda for the trip has not been determined yet, but the two presidents will discuss issues related to energy, health, education and agriculture, Argentinean officials said. President Kirchner noted that 4 million energy efficient light bulbs produced in Havana arrived in Buenos Aires this week and there is speculation that Argentina may be interested in oil exploration in Cuba's waters. Relations under Kirchner's husband, former President Kirchner, and Fidel Castro went from "excellent" to "cold," due to the case of Hilda Molina, a dissident who - although previously close to Fidel Castro - has been denied permission for years to travel to Argentina to be with her children and grandchildren. According to the news site InfoBae.com, Molina has already sent a letter to President Kirchner requesting to "visit her during her time in Cuba to be able to explain to her as a grandmother, woman, mother and a doctor what it would mean for her grandchildren if her situation is prolonged." You can read the El Pais article here (in Spanish).You can read the InfoBae.com article here (in Spanish). Mexico: Mexico-Cuba relations "are magnificent"Presidents Ra?astro and Felipe Calder?old reporters that relations between their two countries "are magnificent," after meeting each other for the first time at the summit in Brazil, La Jornada reported. Although dates were not announced, Calder?nnounced that he will visit Cuba and Castro will visit Mexico at some point in 2009. "There never should have been problems," Castro said when asked about bad relations between his brother and former Mexican President Vicente Fox. Calderon said that nothing was left outside of his discussion with Castro, including "the preoccupation that we [the government] and many Mexicans have in respect to human rights in Cuba."A press release by the Mexican government said that the two men discussed their satisfaction with an immigration agreement that was signed in October and agreed on the importance of increasing bilateral cooperation in fighting organized crime and drug trafficking. Meanwhile, the government of Mexico repatriated 34 undocumented Cubans on Monday, making 75 people that have been sent back to Cuba this year after signing an immigration memorandum on October 22nd, EFE reported. You can read the La Jornada article here (in Spanish). You can read the EFE article here (in Spanish). Castro meets with OAS Secretary General InsulzaCastro also met with the Secretary General of the OAS, Jos?iguel Insulza, on the sidelines of the summit and discussed Cuba's "reintegration in the inter-American system," EFE reported. During their conversation, Insulza and Castro discussed the importance of Cuba's participation in the regional dialogue; Cuba, for example, became a member of the Rio Group in the last few days. Castro apparently told Insulza that Cuba is not interested in returning to the OAS but understands his position of advocating for Cuba's return. Cuba was suspended from the OAS in 1962 and Insulza has advocated for their return various times. Castro also told reporters that Cuba would never return to the OAS."We can't, with the or without the United States, rejoin the OAS; it is an idea that should disappear, it is our opinion, we respect the decision of all of you countries that continue belonging to the OAS. We belong to the Rio Group and will continue belonging to the Rio Group," Castro said. You can read the EFE article here.Cuba, Venezuela sign new accords during Castro's visitRa?astro traveled to Venezuelan to meet with President Hugo Ch?z before traveling to Brazil for a summit with other leaders from the region, making Venezuela the first country he visited since he began serving as (acting) president in 2006. The meetings between Castro and Ch?z resulted in new agreements to expand the capacity of two refineries in Cuba and to construct a third one, the Oil and Gas Journal reported. According to a statement from PDVSA, Venezuela's state-owned oil company, the expansion plans will see Cuba's refining capacity increased to 350,000 b/d from the current 87,000 b/d. The agreements would boost production at the Cienfuegos refinery from 65,000 b/d to 150,000 b/d; the Hermanos Diaz refinery in Santiago from 22,000 b/d to 50,000 b/d and the proposed refinery in Matanzas would produce 150,000 b/d.Dates and specifics on the respective stakes of the two sides in the joint venture were not revealed.The meeting's final ceremony included a "program of general collaboration" for 2009, which contemplates the continuation "of 137 development projects and another 36 new projects" with a total investment of $2 billion, the Latin American Herald Tribune reported. According to figures from mixed Venezuela-Cuba Commission, the two countries have carried out a total of 76 projects worth $1.35 billion this year.You can read the Oil and Gas Journal article here.You can read the Latin America Herald Tribune article here. Jamaica, Cuba to work together on tourismJamaica and Cuba will sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) within the next few weeks, which will allow them to work together on joining destination marketing and airlift arrangements between the islands, the Jamaica Observer reported. Tourism Minister Edmund Bartlett said the MOU evolved out of negotiations between Prime Minister Bruce Golding and President Castro during Golding's visit to Cuba earlier this year. Bartlett said code-sharing arrangements between the two countries would allow them to maximize on European tourists that often visit Cuba and said that Jamaica could benefit from the possible lifting of the United States' economic embargo on Cuba."Jamaica and Cuba, as you know, enjoy a good relationship, and in our marketing, we have looked beyond the opening, not as a threat, but as an opportunity for co-marketing and for regional co-operation," said Bartlett. You can read the Jamaica Observer article here.Russian warships visit CubaRussian warships were set to arrive in Cuba for the first time since the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, the Associated Press reported. The Russian naval ships, the Peter the Great cruiser and the Admiral Chabanenko destroyer, have been on a month long visit to Latin America where they carried our military exercises with Venezuela and passed through the Panama Canal. However, the U.S. military commander for the region, Adm. James Stavridis, head of the U.S. Southern Command, said that there is no reason to be concerned about the Russian naval activity."They pose no military threat to the U.S.," Stavridis said. You can read the Associated Press article here.ECONOMY Tough Economic TimesThree hurricanes and the global financial crisis have left Cuba short on cash, forcing the government to delay debt payments and seek new financing, the Reuters news agency reported. According to foreign diplomats, Japan and Germany were notified a few months ago that Cuba could not meet debt payments, which led to some sort of restructuring. Now France has been notified that Cuba would like to reschedule upcoming debt payments, French business sources said. The Cuban government did not respond to a request seeking comment, but Jose Luis Rodriguez, Cuba's planning and economy minister, recently said that Cuba, like all countries in the region, is facing the fallout of the world economic crisis. Foreign businessman contacted by Reuters said that payments from Cuban state-run banks have slowed recently. "It appears they do not have the cash on hand so they delay and then pay you and delay payment to someone else," said one Western businessman.Few businessmen or local economists feared that Cuba would stop debt payments altogether. Cuba's economy has grown steadily in recent years, but Hurricanes Gustav, Ike and Paloma caused an estimated $10 billion in damage this year and the price of nickel, Cuba's main export, has declined dramatically. Although the economic forecast is bleak, it is nothing like tough times in the 90s and the Cuban government has taken steps to minimize the effects of the financial crisis, said one local economist. "The situation is very difficult, but nothing like the crisis of the 1990s when the Soviets collapsed. We have strategic partnerships with Venezuela and China to fall back on, are part of regional integration efforts, and are mending fences with the European Union and Russia," he said. Vice-President Machado agreesMeanwhile, First Vice-President, Jos?am?achado Ventura, said this week that Cuba is facing a "very difficult" economic situation and predicted tougher times ahead due to the international financial crisis, El Publico reported. Machado Ventura, admitted that the problems the country is facing can not be solved at "the desired pace" after the crushing hurricanes Gustav and Ike in August and September. "Unquestionably, internal problems, as well as external problems, are hitting us hard," he said during a Congress for the Committees of the Defense of the Revolution. "Therefore, not all advances can be made and problems be solved at the desired rate. We must be able to transmit this message with clear language, especially to those affected by the hurricanes," he added. UN accepts Cuba's subsidies and services in GDP calculationsAfter years of dispute, a United Nations economic commission agreed this week to accept Cuba's inclusion of social investment in calculations on the country's Gross Domestic Product, the Reuters new agency reported. Cuba has long argued that the U.N. Economic Commission on Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) uses methodology that is biased against non-market economies."We have worked all year with ECLAC, including its top officials, to perfect the method that can really measure our growth," Oscar Mederos Mesa, director of the Cuban National Statistics Office, told Reuters.The dispute centered on whether or not Cuba could include estimates of the market value of free social services and subsidized goods, as well as exported medical and technical services in its growth calculations. You can read the Reuters article about debt payment here.You can read the Publico article here (in Spanish). You can read the Reuters article about GDP calculation here.Recommended Reading:Obama and the New Cuba, By Philip PetersFor Most Cubans, Film Is the Only Way to Travel, The Wall Street Journal'Obama Effect' Highlights Racism in Cuba, New America MediaUntil next week,

The Cuba Central Team

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Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2008 17:11:22 -0500From: info@cubacentral.comSubject: Latin America to Obama: End Embargo!





















December 19, 2008














Dear Friend:This is our interpretation of events cascading out of Latin America.Cuba is engaged in a diplomatic offensive- along with the other nations of the Americas - that is anticipating the changing of the guard in Washington, DC. The target audience for this activity is President-elect Obama. It is strategic. It is coordinated. It is unfolding in plain view. While the message is greater than the sum of its parts, the parts are pretty interesting by themselves.President Ra?astro has made another offer to engage in dialogue with President-elect Obama, and he publicly discussed a prisoner exchange offering to release political prisoners in Cuba for return of The Cuban Five. Thirty-three Latin American and Caribbean heads of state issued a unanimous call for the United States to drop its embargo against Cuba. The Presidents of Ecuador, Argentina, and Mexico announced plans to visit Cuba early in 2009, joining President Michelle Bachelet of Chile, who previously announced her intentions to visit the Island next year. Cuba and Venezuela signed agreements on energy, Cuba and Jamaica agreed to cooperate on tourism, and Cuba is about to host naval vessels from Russia for the first time since the collapse of the Soviet Union.How do we read all of this escalating activity? On one hand, Cuba is offering to engage in diplomacy with the United States, and is putting the onus on Mr. Obama to decide whether he will be a willing partner once he enters the White House. To add to this intriguing new posture, President Castro put the subject of political prisoners in the mix, a reference to Obama's campaign position on how he would move the U.S.-Cuba relationship forward. Like a chorus adding its encouragement, the entire region is raising its voice urging an end to the U.S. embargo of Cuba, another sign that the incoming president must consider. At the same time, Cuba has another message - no matter how President Obama decides to respond to this opening, Cuba is moving forward aggressively to mend and extend its relationships in the region and the world, giving the United States another incentive to participate or risk being marginalized. That's our interpretation; what's yours? And, what's Obama's?This week was an extraordinary week in Cuba news...




U.S.-CUBA DIALOGUE?Castro offers to dialogue with Obama as "equals"Ra?astro reiterated his offer this week to engage in a dialogue with President-elect Obama if it is done as "equals," the Granma reported. Referring to the embargo, which Cuba calls a blockade, Castro said: "It's been almost 50 years now, it's time for it to end; it's dying. It's time to start getting ready, because the blockade has no perspective; the gentleman, the president of the United States said during his election campaign that he will ease the blockade, but if it's maintained, that is the carrot and the stick." "Mr. Obama, president of the United States, whose virtues we acknowledge, should know that now is the moment of truth," the Cuban president added. Referring to comments former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright made to Brazilian officials last week, Castro said it is not fair to expect Cuba to make the first gesture. "Why don't they lift the blockade? Mrs. Madeleine Albright, former secretary of state in the William Clinton administration, stated that for that to happen, Cuba had to make gestures. Gestures of what? Gestures for what? Why gestures by a small country under attack?" he said. He suggested that Cuba and the United States could work out their differences through respect and dialogue. "The world would be a very boring place if we all had to think alike; difference is a virtue. We have to know how to deal with discrepancies, respecting others, but demanding respect for ourselves," said Castro. Prisoner exchangeRa?astro suggested that he would be willing to release political prisoners as a "gesture" to the United States as long as the gesture was returned, BBC News reported. When asked about political prisoners by reporters, Castro responded by saying: "Let's do it gesture for gesture," essentially a call for the U.S. to release five Cubans held on espionage related charges.Castro, referring to the political prisoners, told reporters: "These prisoners you talk about - they want us to let them go? They should tell us tomorrow. We'll send them with their families and everything. Give us back our five heroes. That is a gesture on both parts."Ren?onz?z, Antonio Guerrero, Gerardo Hern?ez, Ram?aba? and Fernando Gonz?z have served more than 10 years in U.S. jails and are considered national heroes in Cuba. In reaction, the U.S. State Department said that the proposal would not be accepted, the Agence-France Presse reported. "The issue of political prisoners held against their will, merely for making peaceful protests, is independent of the case of the five spies tried and convicted under due process of the U.S. judicial system," the Department's deputy spokesman Robert Wood told AFP.The five Cubans were convicted in 2001 of espionage and sentenced to long prison terms, but the Cuban government argues that they were only monitoring violent Cuban-American groups in Miami that planned terrorist attacks on Cuba. You can read the Granma article here. You can read the BBC News story here.You can read the AFP story here.DIPLOMACYLeaders from the region demand U.S. end embargo of Cuba Latin American leaders meeting in Brazil have demanded an end to the 46-year-old U.S. embargo on Cuba in a joint declaration endorsed by 33 heads of state from the nations of Latin America and the Caribbean, the Agence France-Presse reported. "We ask the Government of the United States of America to fulfill the requirements of the 17 successive resolutions approved by the United Nations General Assembly and put an end to the economic, trade and financial blockade it maintains against Cuba," said a statement released at the conclusion of the summit. One month before President-elect Obama is set to take office, the leaders urged the "immediate" scrapping of measures reinforcing the embargo introduced under President Bush over the past five years and slammed the 1996 Helms-Burton law that blocks foreign investment and sources of finance for Cuba."In the defense of free exchanges and the transparent practice of international trade, the application of unilateral coercive measures that affect the well-being of the people and obstruct the processes of integration are unacceptable," the statement said.Ra?astro, attending his first multilateral summit abroad since becoming Cuba's president called the meeting "magnificent" and said that he finds the results "very good." You can read the AFP story here. Castro's diplomacy at the LA-Caribbean SummitIn the past few months, Brazilian President Lula da Silva, Venezuelan President Hugo Ch?z, Chinese President Hu Jintao and Russian President Dimitri Medv?v have all visited Cuba to sign new cooperation agreements and strengthen relations with Cuba as talk of some sort of dialogue between Castro and incoming President-elect Obama emerges. Castro took advantage of his trip to Brazil to further strengthen relations with countries in the region. Ecuador: President Correa will visit CubaThe President of Ecuador, Rafael Correa, will visit Cuba January 7-10, 2009 to meet with Ra?astro, according to a document released by an Ecuadorian delegation that attended the Latin American and Caribbean Summit in Brazil, EcoDiario newspaper reported. According to Ecuadorian Chancellor Falcon?Correa and Ra?astro met for "more than three hours" during the summit. The meeting marked the beginning of a "dialogue about the work agenda that Correa will carry out on his visit to Cuba, and also to discuss strategic issues to consolidate relations between the two countries," he added. You can read the EcoDiario article here (in Spanish).Argentina: President Kirchner will visit Cuba Argentine President Cristina Fern?ez de Kirchner will travel to Cuba between January 12 and 15th, El Pais reported. The working agenda for the trip has not been determined yet, but the two presidents will discuss issues related to energy, health, education and agriculture, Argentinean officials said. President Kirchner noted that 4 million energy efficient light bulbs produced in Havana arrived in Buenos Aires this week and there is speculation that Argentina may be interested in oil exploration in Cuba's waters. Relations under Kirchner's husband, former President Kirchner, and Fidel Castro went from "excellent" to "cold," due to the case of Hilda Molina, a dissident who - although previously close to Fidel Castro - has been denied permission for years to travel to Argentina to be with her children and grandchildren. According to the news site InfoBae.com, Molina has already sent a letter to President Kirchner requesting to "visit her during her time in Cuba to be able to explain to her as a grandmother, woman, mother and a doctor what it would mean for her grandchildren if her situation is prolonged." You can read the El Pais article here (in Spanish).You can read the InfoBae.com article here (in Spanish). Mexico: Mexico-Cuba relations "are magnificent"Presidents Ra?astro and Felipe Calder?old reporters that relations between their two countries "are magnificent," after meeting each other for the first time at the summit in Brazil, La Jornada reported. Although dates were not announced, Calder?nnounced that he will visit Cuba and Castro will visit Mexico at some point in 2009. "There never should have been problems," Castro said when asked about bad relations between his brother and former Mexican President Vicente Fox. Calderon said that nothing was left outside of his discussion with Castro, including "the preoccupation that we [the government] and many Mexicans have in respect to human rights in Cuba."A press release by the Mexican government said that the two men discussed their satisfaction with an immigration agreement that was signed in October and agreed on the importance of increasing bilateral cooperation in fighting organized crime and drug trafficking. Meanwhile, the government of Mexico repatriated 34 undocumented Cubans on Monday, making 75 people that have been sent back to Cuba this year after signing an immigration memorandum on October 22nd, EFE reported. You can read the La Jornada article here (in Spanish). You can read the EFE article here (in Spanish). Castro meets with OAS Secretary General InsulzaCastro also met with the Secretary General of the OAS, Jos?iguel Insulza, on the sidelines of the summit and discussed Cuba's "reintegration in the inter-American system," EFE reported. During their conversation, Insulza and Castro discussed the importance of Cuba's participation in the regional dialogue; Cuba, for example, became a member of the Rio Group in the last few days. Castro apparently told Insulza that Cuba is not interested in returning to the OAS but understands his position of advocating for Cuba's return. Cuba was suspended from the OAS in 1962 and Insulza has advocated for their return various times. Castro also told reporters that Cuba would never return to the OAS."We can't, with the or without the United States, rejoin the OAS; it is an idea that should disappear, it is our opinion, we respect the decision of all of you countries that continue belonging to the OAS. We belong to the Rio Group and will continue belonging to the Rio Group," Castro said. You can read the EFE article here.Cuba, Venezuela sign new accords during Castro's visitRa?astro traveled to Venezuelan to meet with President Hugo Ch?z before traveling to Brazil for a summit with other leaders from the region, making Venezuela the first country he visited since he began serving as (acting) president in 2006. The meetings between Castro and Ch?z resulted in new agreements to expand the capacity of two refineries in Cuba and to construct a third one, the Oil and Gas Journal reported. According to a statement from PDVSA, Venezuela's state-owned oil company, the expansion plans will see Cuba's refining capacity increased to 350,000 b/d from the current 87,000 b/d. The agreements would boost production at the Cienfuegos refinery from 65,000 b/d to 150,000 b/d; the Hermanos Diaz refinery in Santiago from 22,000 b/d to 50,000 b/d and the proposed refinery in Matanzas would produce 150,000 b/d.Dates and specifics on the respective stakes of the two sides in the joint venture were not revealed.The meeting's final ceremony included a "program of general collaboration" for 2009, which contemplates the continuation "of 137 development projects and another 36 new projects" with a total investment of $2 billion, the Latin American Herald Tribune reported. According to figures from mixed Venezuela-Cuba Commission, the two countries have carried out a total of 76 projects worth $1.35 billion this year.You can read the Oil and Gas Journal article here.You can read the Latin America Herald Tribune article here. Jamaica, Cuba to work together on tourismJamaica and Cuba will sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) within the next few weeks, which will allow them to work together on joining destination marketing and airlift arrangements between the islands, the Jamaica Observer reported. Tourism Minister Edmund Bartlett said the MOU evolved out of negotiations between Prime Minister Bruce Golding and President Castro during Golding's visit to Cuba earlier this year. Bartlett said code-sharing arrangements between the two countries would allow them to maximize on European tourists that often visit Cuba and said that Jamaica could benefit from the possible lifting of the United States' economic embargo on Cuba."Jamaica and Cuba, as you know, enjoy a good relationship, and in our marketing, we have looked beyond the opening, not as a threat, but as an opportunity for co-marketing and for regional co-operation," said Bartlett. You can read the Jamaica Observer article here.Russian warships visit CubaRussian warships were set to arrive in Cuba for the first time since the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, the Associated Press reported. The Russian naval ships, the Peter the Great cruiser and the Admiral Chabanenko destroyer, have been on a month long visit to Latin America where they carried our military exercises with Venezuela and passed through the Panama Canal. However, the U.S. military commander for the region, Adm. James Stavridis, head of the U.S. Southern Command, said that there is no reason to be concerned about the Russian naval activity."They pose no military threat to the U.S.," Stavridis said. You can read the Associated Press article here.ECONOMY Tough Economic TimesThree hurricanes and the global financial crisis have left Cuba short on cash, forcing the government to delay debt payments and seek new financing, the Reuters news agency reported. According to foreign diplomats, Japan and Germany were notified a few months ago that Cuba could not meet debt payments, which led to some sort of restructuring. Now France has been notified that Cuba would like to reschedule upcoming debt payments, French business sources said. The Cuban government did not respond to a request seeking comment, but Jose Luis Rodriguez, Cuba's planning and economy minister, recently said that Cuba, like all countries in the region, is facing the fallout of the world economic crisis. Foreign businessman contacted by Reuters said that payments from Cuban state-run banks have slowed recently. "It appears they do not have the cash on hand so they delay and then pay you and delay payment to someone else," said one Western businessman.Few businessmen or local economists feared that Cuba would stop debt payments altogether. Cuba's economy has grown steadily in recent years, but Hurricanes Gustav, Ike and Paloma caused an estimated $10 billion in damage this year and the price of nickel, Cuba's main export, has declined dramatically. Although the economic forecast is bleak, it is nothing like tough times in the 90s and the Cuban government has taken steps to minimize the effects of the financial crisis, said one local economist. "The situation is very difficult, but nothing like the crisis of the 1990s when the Soviets collapsed. We have strategic partnerships with Venezuela and China to fall back on, are part of regional integration efforts, and are mending fences with the European Union and Russia," he said. Vice-President Machado agreesMeanwhile, First Vice-President, Jos?am?achado Ventura, said this week that Cuba is facing a "very difficult" economic situation and predicted tougher times ahead due to the international financial crisis, El Publico reported. Machado Ventura, admitted that the problems the country is facing can not be solved at "the desired pace" after the crushing hurricanes Gustav and Ike in August and September. "Unquestionably, internal problems, as well as external problems, are hitting us hard," he said during a Congress for the Committees of the Defense of the Revolution. "Therefore, not all advances can be made and problems be solved at the desired rate. We must be able to transmit this message with clear language, especially to those affected by the hurricanes," he added. UN accepts Cuba's subsidies and services in GDP calculationsAfter years of dispute, a United Nations economic commission agreed this week to accept Cuba's inclusion of social investment in calculations on the country's Gross Domestic Product, the Reuters new agency reported. Cuba has long argued that the U.N. Economic Commission on Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) uses methodology that is biased against non-market economies."We have worked all year with ECLAC, including its top officials, to perfect the method that can really measure our growth," Oscar Mederos Mesa, director of the Cuban National Statistics Office, told Reuters.The dispute centered on whether or not Cuba could include estimates of the market value of free social services and subsidized goods, as well as exported medical and technical services in its growth calculations. You can read the Reuters article about debt payment here.You can read the Publico article here (in Spanish). You can read the Reuters article about GDP calculation here.Recommended Reading:Obama and the New Cuba, By Philip PetersFor Most Cubans, Film Is the Only Way to Travel, The Wall Street Journal'Obama Effect' Highlights Racism in Cuba, New America MediaUntil next week,
The Cuba Central Team
www.democracyinamericas.org
















Forward email




This email was sent to ignacioabella@hotmail.com by info@cubacentral.com.
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Friday, 19 December 2008

Feliz Navidad y Prospero Año Nuevo!


 
 
Hola!
 
Lo mejor del mundo para ti y los tuyos en esta Navidad y en el proximo 2009.
 
Perdona la ausencia de las ultimas semanas, es que el cierre del año me ha caido encima con demasiado trabajo y no he tenido tiempo de escribir.
 
Espero que la pases bien en las vacaciones. Yo salgo de viaje mañana y regreso el dia 7 de enero. No estare revisando mi email durante este tiempo.
 
Un saludo grande
 
Ignacio

Posted via email from Mas del blog de Nacho/More from Nacho's blog

Wednesday, 17 December 2008

goodbyeworldleah.jpg


goodbyeworldleah.jpg, originally uploaded by gravity0069.

Leah Culver's Goodbye Post - posted shortly before Pownce was shut down (7:52 p.m. e.s.t. Dec. 15, 2008)

Uploaded by gravity0069 on 16 Dec 08, 2.52AM GMT.

Special Offer: Air Europa - London Havana (via Madrid) £470.00 (inc taxes)


Special Offer:  Air Europa - London Havana (via Madrid) £470.00 (inc taxes)
 
(Cuban passport holders must have visa for Madrid)
 
Departures between 20 Jan and 31March
 
Must book and pay by 20December

£470.00 pp including taxes
 
Luggage allowance 2pieces @ 23kgs per piece.
 

Contact Marguerite below - Please pass this round
 
Marguerite Caris Manzano
TRANS ATLANTIC WINGS
Telephone/Fax : (44) (0)1798 812 835

Posted via email from Mas del blog de Nacho/More from Nacho's blog

Sunday, 14 December 2008

Tomado del Miami Herald hoy - La terrible catástrofe del pueblo cubano



 
Publicado el sábado 13 de deciembre del 2008

La terrible catástrofe del pueblo cubano

CARLOS ALBERTO MONTANER

"¿Cómo vamos a decir: ésta es nuestra patria, si de la patria no tenemos nada? Mi patria, pero mi patria no me da nada, mi patria no me sostiene, en mi patria me muero de hambre. ¡Eso no es patria! Será patria para unos cuantos, pero no será patria para el pueblo (APLAUSOS). Patria no sólo quiere decir un lugar donde uno pueda gritar, hablar y caminar sin que lo maten; patria es un lugar donde se puede vivir, patria es un lugar donde se puede trabajar y ganar el sustento honradamente y, además, ganar lo que es justo que se gane por su trabajo (APLAUSOS). Patria es el lugar donde no se explota al ciudadano, porque si explotan al ciudadano, si le quitan lo que le pertenece, si le roban lo que tiene, no es patria. Precisamente la tragedia de nuestro pueblo ha sido no tener patria. Y la mejor prueba, la mejor prueba de que no tenemos patria es que decenas de miles y miles de hijos de esta tierra se van de Cuba para otro país, para poder vivir, pero no tienen patria. Y no se van todos los que quieren, sino los pocos que pueden. Y eso es verdad y ustedes lo saben (EXCLAMACIONES). Luego, hay que arreglar la República. ¿Aquí algo anda mal o todo anda mal? (EXCLAMACIONES DE: Todo)." Fidel Castro Ruz. Camagüey, 4 de enero de 1959

 

Hace cincuenta años, el 1ro. de enero de 1959, Cuba, una no tan pequeña isla del Caribe de 114,000 kilómetros cuadrados (mayor que Bélgica, Holanda y Dinamarca combinadas), que entonces tenía unos seis millones de habitantes y hoy tiene 11, apareció en la primera página de todos los diarios importantes del mundo de una manera muy esperanzadora: el dictador Fulgencio Batista, militar de mano dura con fama de corrupto que ocupaba el poder desde 1952 como consecuencia de un golpe de Estado, había huido del país.

 

Aquello fue una fiesta. El dictador había sido derrotado por un movimiento guerrillero encabezado por un joven abogado llamado Fidel Castro y una pintoresca tropa de improvisados combatientes barbudos que aportaban a los medios de comunicación y a la imaginación popular los dos elementos más apreciados por cualquier periodista: unas imágenes muy poderosas y un elemental relato de buenos contra malos. En ese país, pensó todo el mundo, incluida la inmensa mayoría de los cubanos, la justicia se había abierto paso a base de heroísmo y sacrificio.

 

De entonces a hoy ha pasado medio siglo, y aquel gobierno revolucionario de 1959 continúa en el poder bajo la autoridad, esencialmente, de las mismas personas que organizaron la insurrección contra Batista y luego crearon una dictadura comunista. Este es un hecho insólito en la historia política contemporánea. Las dos terceras partes de las personas que pueblan el planeta han nacido después de que los hermanos Fidel y Raúl Castro ocuparan el gobierno cubano. Sólo por la Casa Blanca han pasado 10 presidentes norteamericanos y el undécimo, Barack Obama, ya ha sido elegido. Es verdad que en América Latina ha habido dictaduras muy largas, pero ninguna ha durado tanto tiempo. El paraguayo Alfredo Stroessner estuvo 35 años en el poder, el dominicano Rafael Leonidas Trujillo 31, y el venezolano Juan Vicente Gómez 27. Ninguno, ni remotamente, se ha acercado a las cinco décadas: eso quiere decir que tres generaciones consecutivas de cubanos no han conocido otra cosa que el gobierno comunista.

 

Me propongo responder velozmente a seis preguntas clave que hoy se hace cualquier persona interesada en explicarse este largo proceso histórico conocido como "la revolución cubana'':

* ¿Por qué y cómo fue derrotado Batista por un puñado de jóvenes rebeldes que carecían de adiestramiento?

* ¿Por qué Fidel Castro, su hermano Raúl, el Che Guevara y otros pocos revolucionarios convirtieron a Cuba en una nación comunista?

* ¿Cómo fue la transformación de ese país a lo largo de este período?

* ¿Cuáles han sido las consecuencias reales de esos cambios para el pueblo cubano?

* ¿Por qué el comunismo cubano no desapareció tras el colapso de la URSS y sus satélites europeos a partir del derribo del Muro de Berlín en el 1989?

* ¿Qué sucederá cuando la dictadura cubana, como todas, llegue a su final?

De alguna manera, en las respuestas a esas seis preguntas hay un balance completo de lo que fue, ha sido, y tal vez será lo que pomposamente llaman "el proceso revolucionario cubano''.

 
El triunfo de la revolución
La caída y fuga de Batista en enero de 1959 fue un suceso raro, pero no único en la violenta historia de Cuba. En agosto de 1933, 26 años antes, otro dictador militar, el general Gerardo Machado, también había huido del país tras una cruenta revolución armada impulsada por los estudiantes y las clases medias, secundada en la fase final por el ejército.
Incluso, fue al calor de esos hechos y en la cresta de aquella revolución que surgió Fulgencio Batista como un meteoro: de joven y humilde sargento taquígrafo, pobre y mestizo, había pasado primero a coronel, y luego a general y "hombre fuerte'' de la república, presentándose como un líder de izquierda, muy cercano en su momento a los comunistas, aunque capaz de entenderse muy bien con los norteamericanos y de reorganizar el desorden institucional posrevolucionario que existía en el país, operación que duró aproximadamente siete años: desde 1933 hasta 1940. En ese año, en 1940, se aprobó una constitución democrática que no permitía la reelección, y Batista fue elegido presidente legítimo por los próximos cuatro años.

Sin embargo, el grueso de la sociedad, a tenor de los esquemas revolucionarios de la época, comenzó a acercarse a un movimiento de masas de corte socialdemócrata, llamado Partido Revolucionario Cubano (Auténtico), que manejaba una retórica antiamericana y anticapitalista, dirigido por un médico llamado Ramón Grau San Martín. En 1944 y 1948, en dos elecciones consecutivas, ese partido "Auténtico'' gano limpiamente los comicios, y parecía que una democracia de centroizquierda o socialdemocracia se había estabilizado en el país. Precisamente, fue el segundo de estos dos gobiernos auténticos, legítimamente presidido por el doctor Carlos Prío Socarrás, quien fue derrocado por Batista.

El 10 de marzo de 1952, poco antes de las elecciones pautadas para ese año y en las que --según las encuestas de la época-- hubiera ganado el Partido Ortodoxo (un desprendimiento de los auténticos), Batista dio un golpe militar, el segundo de su vida, e interrumpió el curso democrático del país.

Poco después comenzó la insurrección para desalojarlo del poder, más o menos como había ocurrido contra Machado un cuarto de siglo antes: atentados terroristas, ataques a cuarteles, asesinatos de militares, conspiraciones políticas, y una severa crítica al gobierno en los medios de comunicación. A todo esto respondió la dictadura de Batista con asesinatos selectivos, torturas a los detenidos y censura esporádica y persecución a los periodistas y políticos críticos.

Fue dentro de ese clima de crispación donde surgió Fidel Castro como uno de los cabecillas de la insurrección, primero atacando sin éxito el cuartel Moncada el 26 de julio de 1953 y, luego de pasar casi dos años en la cárcel y un breve exilio en México, desembarcando en la isla.

¿Quién era Fidel Castro? Era un abogado joven, violento y carismático, acusado a fines de los años 40 de crímenes políticos e intentos de asesinato en la etapa democrática de Cuba, aunque nunca lo condenaron en los tribunales. Se sabía que era confusamente radical y audaz, que poseía una gran capacidad de intimidación frente a partidarios y adversarios, de manera que impuso su liderazgo y se convirtió en la cabeza más visible de una oposición dividida en varios grupos y dos estrategias: los electoralistas, que deseaban salir de Batista por la vía política, y los insurreccionalistas, que pretendían sacarlo a tiros del poder. Fidel acabó imponiendo la línea dura: la lucha armada como única estrategia válida y patriótica.

No obstante, el golpe definitivo contra Batista --como le había ocurrido a Machado en 1933-- fue la pérdida del apoyo de Estados Unidos. En abril de 1958, el gobierno republicano de Ike Eisenhower, presionado por una hábil campaña de los exiliados cubanos, decretó un embargo de armas al gobierno de Batista para obligarlo a buscar una solución política a la guerra desatada en el país.

Pero las consecuencias de ese embargo norteamericano de armas fueron otras: en lugar de precipitar una salida pacífica al conflicto, Washington provocó o aceleró el triunfo de los insurrectos. Los jefes de las Fuerzas Armadas interpretaron, correctamente, que Batista había perdido el favor de "los americanos'' y dieron por sentado que era un régimen condenado a muerte, así que surgieron conspiraciones y comenzaron a establecer relaciones secretas con Fidel Castro. Batista lo supo y, convencido de que estaba rodeado de traidores, decidió escapar de Cuba exactamente como había hecho el general Machado en 1933 y por más o menos las mismas razones. Cuando huyó del país, el 90 por ciento de las fuerzas armadas y el 95 por ciento del territorio teóricamente seguían bajo su control. Pero él y su gobierno estaban profunda e irremediablemente desmoralizados. Por eso perdieron el poder.

 
Rumbo al comunismo
Una vez ocupada la casa de gobierno, el verdadero Fidel Castro comenzó a mostrarse a los cubanos y al mundo. Supuestamente, la revolución se había llevado a cabo para restaurar la democracia y las libertades individuales garantizadas en la Constitución de 1940 y conculcadas por Batista. Pero el hombre que había asegurado varias veces que no era comunista, muy rápidamente, en apenas dos años, comenzó a confiscar las empresas privadas nacionales y extranjeras, se acercó a los soviéticos, atacó a Estados Unidos con gran vehemencia, nacionalizó sin compensación las propiedades de las compañías nacionales y extranjeras, muchas de ellas pertenecientes a norteamericanos y españoles, se apoderó de los medios de comunicación y estableció un gobierno de partido único.
¿Por qué lo hizo? Fundamentalmente, porque desde sus años universitarios Fidel Castro había desarrollado simpatías por las ideas comunistas y un odio sin límites contra Estados Unidos. Esa tendencia se había reforzado a partir de su contacto en México en 1956 con el argentino Ernesto Guevara, conocido como el Che, también de convicciones comunistas, doctrinariamente mejor formado que Fidel en el marxismo, y los dos, además, recibían el aliento de Raúl Castro, hermano menor de Fidel, afiliado a las juventudes comunistas cubanas desde 1953, aunque sin demasiado interés en las cuestiones teóricas del marxismo.

¿Cómo Fidel Castro y un puñado de seguidores fanáticos pudieron llevar a los cubanos a una dictadura marxista-leninista y colocar al país en la órbita soviética, si los comunistas apenas tenían simpatías en la sociedad y jamás alcanzaron el cinco por ciento de apoyo electoral? Eso pudo ocurrir porque los cubanos, en general, aunque distaban mucho de tener simpatías por los comunistas, tampoco sentían mucho respeto por las instituciones republicanas, tal vez porque la clase política tradicional, a su vez, había dado muestras de muy poco respeto por el imperio de la ley. Los cubanos, en suma, se llamaban revolucionarios con un tinte de orgullo, y esperaban ansiosamente a que un líder bien intencionado, rodeado de otros como él, estableciera en el país el reino de la justicia y la equidad. Ese Mesías era Fidel Castro y sus apóstoles eran los barbudos que lo obedecían, de manera que una buena parte de la sociedad se entregó en sus manos sin medir las consecuencias de ese acto de fe ciega en el caudillo venerado.

Naturalmente, en los primeros años hubo una gran resistencia popular a la entronización del comunismo en Cuba, con alzamientos campesinos generalmente protagonizados por guerrilleros que habían luchado contra Batista, y una invasión de exiliados en abril de 1961 auspiciada por el gobierno norteamericano (unos 1,500 hombres que desembarcaron por Bahía de Cochinos y fueron derrotados en 48 horas), pero Fidel Castro, a base de mano dura, leyes draconianas, numerosos fusilamientos, una gran determinación y mucho armamento soviético, logró sortear todos esos obstáculos iniciales, se apoderó del aparato productivo, encarceló o puso en fuga a la mayor parte de sus adversarios, consiguió liquidar a la oposición y consolidó la dictadura. A mediados de la década de los setenta, casi veinte años después del triunfo revolucionario, todavía había en la cárcel unos 40,000 presos políticos, se habían llevado a cabo unos 7,000 fusilamientos y más de un millón de personas se habían exiliado.

Por supuesto, nada de esto hubiera sido posible sin la ayuda soviética. Moscú vio en la revolución cubana una oportunidad de conseguir un aliado situado a pocos kilómetros de Estados Unidos, lo que le daba una gran fuerza dentro de los esquemas de la guerra fría, así que, además de armar y adiestrar a las Fuerzas Armadas cubanas, a partir de mediados de 1961 comenzó a desplegar en la isla unos 40,000 soldados y oficiales soviéticos, mientras colocaba sigilosamente misiles atómicos capaces de destruir en pocos minutos las principales ciudades norteamericanas.

Descubiertos estos cohetes en octubre de 1962 por la inteligencia norteamericana, el gobierno de John F. Kennedy decretó el bloqueo marítimo de Cuba y le exigió a Moscú la retirada de ese armamento, cosa a la que se avino Nikita Kruschev, entonces Primer Ministro de la URSS. Sin embargo, como parte de la negociación que puso fin a esta peligrosa crisis, la Casa Blanca aceptó no invadir a Cuba directamente, ni permitir que otra nación latinoamericana lo hiciera.

Si la fallida invasión de Bahía de Cochinos de abril de 1961 había provocado el fin de la resistencia armada cubana contra el comunismo, el acuerdo Kennedy-Kruschev de octubre de 1962 tuvo el efecto de garantizar que Estados Unidos no intentaría liquidar violentamente al gobierno de Castro, compromiso que resultó reforzado un año más tarde, tras el asesinato en Dallas de John F. Kennedy. El gobierno cubano desde entonces tuvo vía libre para crear una sociedad comunista prácticamente sin oposición.

 
La creación de una sociedad comunista
En octubre de 1960 se produjo la confiscación y estatización de todas las empresas medianas y grandes del país. A partir de ese momento comenzó a marcha forzada la construcción de un Estado comunista en el que el gobierno controlaba la mayor parte del aparato productivo.
Casi toda la propiedad agraria fue a parar a manos del gobierno, entonces dispuesto a convertir a Cuba en un emporio azucarero aún mayor de lo que entonces era.

En el orden comercial e industrial sucedió lo mismo. En 1959, en Cuba se fabricaban unos 10,000 productos y existía un denso tejido comercial en manos privadas. El Estado confiscó todas esas empresas y decretó la industrialización forzosa del país. Cuba saltaría sobre las previsiones de Marx y construiría el comunismo sin pasar por la etapa del capitalismo desarrollado. ¿Cómo? Lo haría bajo la dirección de Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara, con el ímpetu revolucionario del hombre nuevo, movido por resortes emocionales y no por recompensas económicas.

La consecuencia de aquellos planes improvisados, casi todos basados en la afiebrada imaginación de Fidel Castro, fue la quiebra financiera del país, una reducción sustancial de la capacidad de consumo de los cubanos, y el fracaso de lo que se llamó el ‘‘idealismo revolucionario'', inaugurándose a partir de 1970 una total sovietización del modelo administrativo cubano, mediante el calco, a partir de ese momento, de cuanto se hacía en Moscú. Lo que entonces se dijo era que terminaba la etapa del "gobierno carismático unipersonal'' y se pasaba a la era del "pragmatismo institucional'' guiado por el Partido, algo que, en realidad, nunca sucedió porque Fidel mantuvo totalmente las riendas del poder en sus manos.

Paradójicamente, el desastre económico provocado por la revolución no impidió que una de las principales funciones del gobierno fuera tratar de crear en todas partes regímenes similares al forjado en Cuba. En América Latina, prácticamente todos los países, con la excepción de México, ya fueran dictaduras o democracias, sufrieron las intervenciones militares cubanas, directa o indirectamente, y Cuba se convirtió en el santuario de guerrilleros y subversivos de todas partes del mundo, incluidos los terroristas vascos de ETA, los tupamaros uruguayos, los montoneros argentinos, los macheteros puertorriqueños, los miricos chilenos, el FMLN de El Salvador, los sandinistas nicaragüenses o los narcoterroristas de las FARC colombianas. Dentro de esa atmósfera de aventurerismo y violencia fue que en 1967 el Che Guevara perdió la vida en Bolivia tras haber intentado crear guerrillas en el Congo pocos años antes.

 
Las consecuencias del comunismo
En el terreno económico, las consecuencias del establecimiento del comunismo desataron también una terrible catástrofe. Paulatinamente, Cuba dejó de ser una de las naciones más prósperas de América Latina para convertirse en una de las más pobres e improductivas, pese a haber contado durante treinta años con el masivo subsidio de los soviéticos, calculado en algo más de $100,000 millones. Ello ha provocado una disminución notable de la calidad de vida de los cubanos y un visible deterioro de sus condiciones de vida en los cinco renglones básicos de cualquier sociedad moderna: alimentación, vivienda, agua potable, comunicaciones y transporte.
El comunismo pudo, incluso, diezmar la industria azucarera, provocando que a principios del siglo XXI el país produjera la misma cantidad de azúcar que a fines del siglo XIX, cuando no existían la electricidad o los tractores y el país tenía la décima parte de la población con que hoy cuenta.

La educación masiva universitaria ha generado un número importante de graduados, unos 800,000, entre los que hay 65,000 médicos y millares de ingenieros, convirtiendo a Cuba en el país latinoamericano con mayor capital humano con arreglo a la población. Sin embargo, ese alto nivel educativo aumenta la frustración de la población, en la medida en que las personas comprueban que la educación y el esfuerzo individual no traen aparejado un mejor nivel de vida, dado que el salario promedio de los cubanos graduados en las universidades no excede los veinticinco dólares mensuales.

Pese a la penuria general en la que viven los cubanos, sometidos al racionamiento y a las mayores carencias, el país posee un extendido sistema de salud, atendido, en general, por médicos competentes, dato que se confirma en los buenos índices sanitarios en materia de criaturas nacidas vivas, longevidad y morbilidad. Lamentablemente, junto a esta estructura médica, hay una casi total carencia de medicinas, equipos y material, al extremo de que los pacientes muchas veces tienen que llevar sus propias sábanas y en los salones de cirugía faltan el hilo de sutura y los jabones, mientras suele escasear hasta la anestesia.

Tal vez en el deporte es donde la revolución ha cosechado sus mejores frutos. No hay otro país latinoamericano, incluidos Brasil, México y Argentina --los tres grandes de América Latina--, que hayan obtenido tantas medallas como Cuba en los torneos internacionales. Sin embargo, junto a esa innegable verdad está la de un Estado que se proclama dueño de la voluntad y la vida de sus atletas y no los deja salir al exterior a convertirse en profesionales y perseguir sus propios fines, lo que provoca el espectáculo grotesco de jugadores de béisbol que tienen que escapar en balsa para poder desarrollar su potencial deportivo como libremente hacen los atletas del resto del mundo.

 
Cómo se sostiene el sistema
Si el balance final de medio siglo de comunismo cubano, objetivamente, es tan negativo como se desprende de este recuento, ¿por qué el régimen de los Castro ha sido uno de los pocos que sobrevivió a la debacle que acabó con la URSS y sus satélites, pese a que este episodio significó, además, el fin del cuantioso subsidio soviético a Cuba en 1991, entonces calculado en $5,000 millones anuales y la caída súbita de la capacidad de consumo de los cubanos en un cuarenta por ciento?
Según el gobierno de La Habana, esa capacidad de resistencia se debe a la adhesión casi unánime de los cubanos al régimen, y al origen autóctono del comunismo cubano. De acuerdo con esta explicación, no fue un sistema impuesto por el Ejército Rojo como los que existían en Europa, sino el resultado de una revolución surgida de la voluntad del propio pueblo.

Sin embargo, tal vez la razón sea otra. El régimen ha resistido porque Fidel y Raúl Castro no permitieron la menor fisura que pudiera poner en peligro el control que ejercen sobre absolutamente todas las instituciones y órganos del poder, como sucede en Corea del Norte, país que tampoco modificó su modelo esencialmente estalinista y tampoco ha visto cambios sustanciales. En Cuba no hay espacio para la discrepancia organizada en ninguna zona del poder. Ningún funcionario puede expresar un criterio discrepante sin ser inmediatamente apartado de su cargo y, en el mejor de los casos, condenado al ostracismo. El Partido, el aparato administrativo, los militares y la policía, la prensa, los jueces y fiscales: absolutamente todos los órganos de gobierno están en las manos de los Castro y no existe el menor vestigio de instituciones independientes.

 
El postcomunismo
En todo caso, lo probable es que con la desaparición de los hermanos Castro el comunismo cubano llegará a su fin. ¿Por qué? Por cuatro razones básicas:
* Porque en Cuba no hay otro heredero y las instituciones del sistema --el Partido y el Parlamento fundamentalmente-- son cascarones vacíos, carentes de cualquier elemento de legitimidad que les permita transmitir la autoridad de una forma aceptable para el conjunto de la sociedad y para la propia estructura de poder.

* Porque esa estructura de poder ya no cree en el sistema, como confirman una y otra vez los desertores de alto rango o los familiares de los dirigentes que logran salir del país. Medio siglo de fracasos es un periodo demasiado largo para que cualquier persona medianamente inteligente pueda mantener la fe en ese minucioso desastre.

* Porque un país no puede excluirse permanentemente de la influencia de su entorno. Tras la desaparición de la URSS y la conversión de China a un capitalismo salvaje de partido único, el comunismo dejó de ser una opción viable en el mundo contemporáneo. Cuba no puede ser permanentemente la excepción marxista-leninista en una época en la que ese modelo se extinguió por su propia crueldad e incapacidad.

* Porque los cubanos saben que hay salida a la crisis. No ignoran que en el momento en que comience la transición el país va a recibir una ayuda caudalosa de Estados Unidos y del resto del primer mundo, lo que permitirá que la sociedad vea a muy corto plazo las consecuencias positivas del cambio.

Obviamente, la recuperación de Cuba no será sencilla, como no lo ha sido en ninguno de los países que abandonaron el comunismo en Europa, pero la infusión de capital económico, junto al notable capital humano con que cuenta la isla, aunados tras un cambio de sistema, auguran un futuro muy prometedor para los cubanos si consiguen un grado razonable de sosiego político. Cuando se llegue a ese punto, va a parecer casi inexplicable que durante 50 años tres generaciones de cubanos vieron cómo sus vidas se consumían al calor del error, la dictadura y la sinrazón de la revolución cubana.




© 2008 El Nuevo Herald. All Rights Reserved.
http://www.elnuevoherald.com

Posted via email from Mas del blog de Nacho/More from Nacho's blog

Saturday, 13 December 2008

My friend Tracey rants about xmas tat, and I agree!

Tracey: God, I hate novelty presents. I don’t even understand them. What is the point of giving someone a gift that is a ‘joke’ that will (allegedly) make them smile for two minutes before being consigned to the back of the cupboard forever?

read more | digg story

Gaspar, El Lugareño: Arte y Moda. La Habana 2008

Gaspar, El Lugareño: Arte y Moda. La Habana 2008

Friday, 5 December 2008

On Cuba - Business, Think Tanks, Editorial Pages, and polls agree - Obama Should Think Big




Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2008 11:49:36 -0500
Subject: On Cuba - Business, Think Tanks, Editorial Pages, and polls agree - Obama Should Think Big

Weekly Newsblast
December 5, 2008
Dear Friend:

Our public servants rarely "under-promise and over-deliver," and all too often, the reverse is true, when the poetry of campaigning is replaced by the prose of governing.

But president-elect Barack Obama has a rare opportunity to exceed what he offered as a candidate when it comes to reforming Cuba policy and he should grab it.

To his credit, Obama won Florida and the White House without capitulating to the demands of the hard-line exile community on Cuba policy.  In fact, the platform of his campaign offered the first rollback of the embargo - ending restrictions on the rights of Cuban Americans to visit and support their families and offering the prospect of negotiations with Cuba's government (although on terms that Cuba has never accepted) - ever offered by a winning candidate.

Under normal circumstances, Mr. Obama might be expected to rest on his laurels and do just what he promised - or worse, he might even do less as lesser figures have done in the past.

But these are not normal times, and the president-elect has already demonstrated himself to be a different kind of leader.

As you will read in this week's news summary, the center of gravity in this political debate is changing and has moved considerably since the election occurred just one month ago.

The business community, never a first mover in the Cuba debate, sent a strongly worded letter to Mr. Obama calling on him to end all restrictions on travel and trade.  The Brookings Institution in a new report on rethinking U.S. policy on Latin America called for big changes in Cuba policy, such as removing Cuba's government from the list of state sponsors of terror and allowing Cuba to join organizations like the OAS.   The Council on Foreign Relations, earlier this year, also urged substantial changes in Cuba policy.  It is a new and important development to have foreign policy elites publicly calling for these reforms.

As before, strong and important editorial voices - The New York Times, The Los Angeles Times, and the Palm Beach Post -added to the chorus calling for change.

Finally, a new poll of public opinion in South Florida showed strong majorities in the Cuban-American community for taking the policy in an entirely new direction.

All of this gives Mr. Obama the latitude to do more than what he promised on Cuba, and that returns us to the times in which we live and the kind of leader he intends to be.

In one bold step, Obama has the chance to end a failed and futile policy, write the last chapter of the Cold War, enter a new and close relationship with the Cuban people, and send a long-overdue signal to the rest of Latin America and the world that U.S. foreign policy is leaving a self-defeating period of isolation and entering a new era of engagement.  

Why would he settle for anything less, and why should we?

This week, in Cuba news:
More Calls for President-elect Obama to Change Cuba Policy

Business Community Calls for New Cuba Policy

Twelve leading trade associations have sent a letter to President-elect Barack Obama urging the incoming administration to reexamine U.S.-Cuba policy and consider new approaches that would benefit U.S. national security and economic interests and the Cuban people.

The associations, including the American Farm Bureau Federation, the Business Roundtable, and U.S. Chamber of Commerce, applauded President-elect Obama's support for removing restrictions on family remittances, visits, and humanitarian care packages from Cuban Americans, and noted that while "these are excellent first steps...we urge you to also commit to a more comprehensive examination of U.S. policy."

"Your administration has a unique opportunity to take steps to end nearly 50 years of isolation from Cuba and the Cuban people.  We support the complete removal of all trade and travel restrictions on Cuba.  We recognize that change may not come all at once, but it must start somewhere, and it must begin soon," they wrote.

You can read the full letter here.

Brookings Institution: Change Cuba Policy

The Brookings Institution released a report last week saying that the election of Barack Obama has offered the U.S. a fresh chance to reinvigorate its relations with Latin America and create a new "partnership with the Americas," the New York Times reported.

The report, compiled by prominent former policy-makers from the United States and Latin America, listed recommendations on everything from the taxation of ethanol products to immigration, and called for a complete reversal of the Bush policy on Cuba.

The report advocates lifting all restrictions on travel by Americans, promoting more contacts with Cuban diplomats, taking Cuba off the State Department's list of state sponsors of terrorism, and welcoming Cuba into regional and global economic and political organizations, such as the Organization of American States.  

"This may make the over-40 generation of Cuban-Americans in Miami jump-up-and-down mad, but there is a whole generation of Cuban-Americans who want to change this relationship," said Thomas R. Pickering, a longtime diplomat and former Under Secretary of State.

You can read the full Brookings Institution report here.

L.A. Times: Cuba policy hinders U.S. effectiveness in region

In an editorial titled "A Latin America Blueprint," the Los Angeles Times urged President-elect Barack Obama to utilize the Brookings Institution's report urging the overhaul of U.S. relations with Latin America and the Caribbean.

The editorial says that the Brookings recommendations are "in line with changes Obama has signaled he's willing to make, such as repealing the travel ban and reviving diplomacy," and outlines the effect a change in policy would have on the image of the United States in the region.

"The United States' anachronistic relationship with Cuba and its insistence that its hostility be supported by other nations contort its effectiveness throughout Latin America. It's time for the U.S. to become an integral member of the hemisphere and not just its puppeteer."

You can read the full editorial here.

New York Times: Lift the Embargo

In an editorial titled "About Latin America," the New York Times said that although "Barack Obama might be tempted to put off dealing with the nation's extremely sour relations with Latin America," he has a "unique opportunity to improve ties with a region that shares key interests and values with the United States."

The paper suggested that one of the first steps should be removing the economic embargo on Cuba.

"With Fidel Castro nearly gone, Washington should be testing the intentions of the new Cuban leadership. We believe lifting the economic embargo is the best way to do that."

The editorial encouraged him to fulfill his campaign promises about Cuba and go further.

"During the campaign, Mr. Obama unfortunately agreed with the incorrect (but politically convenient) proposition that the embargo gives the United States leverage. Fortunately, he also said he would start the process of re-engaging Havana - and opening Cuba to the winds of change - by lifting restrictions on travel and remittances to the island. He should do so quickly."

You can read the full editorial here.

Palm Beach Post Editorial: Chance to change Cuba

The Palm Beach Post also called on Barack Obama to deliver a "big change" on Cuba policy and "display to the world a more humane and practical foreign policy and shift the pressure from Washington to Havana."

The paper argued that tight 2004 restrictions on family travel and remittances were a gift to Cuban-American hardliners and "Mr. Bush got his reelection, and the United States got four more years of a failed policy."

It goes on to say that "Mr. Obama owes nothing to those voters (...) and even if he did, few U.S. policies are more in need of change than this one." It argues that "Americans should be free to travel wherever they want" and that "Mr. Obama owes Americans a break from the past."

You can read the full editorial here.

CONTACT CONGRESS -- TELL THEM TO ACT

If you agree that change is needed on Cuba policy, and we bet you do, you can call your district Representative and Senator to urge them to push for legalizing all travel to Cuba in 2009.

You can call the Capitol Switchboard at 202-224-3121 (this is the most effective way to be heard by your members of Congress) or find your District Rep's contact info here and your Senator's contact info here.

Raul Castro: I'm willing to meet Obama

Cuba's President Raul Castro has told Sean Penn in an interview that he would like to meet President-elect Barack Obama on "neutral ground," suggesting the American naval base at Guantanamo Bay as a suitable place.

"Perhaps we could meet at Guantánamo. We must meet and begin to solve our problems, and at the end of the meeting, we could give the president a gift...we could send him home with the American flag that waves over Guantánamo Bay."

Castro also said that if a meeting were to take place the first priority would be to "normalize trade."

President Castro made the statement in an interview with the actor for an upcoming edition of the Nation magazine.

You can read the full Nation article about Sean Penn's interview with Raul Castro here.

Fidel Castro: "With Obama, talks could happen anywhere he wants."

Cuba's former President Fidel Castro wrote yesterday his country could talk to U.S. President-elect Barack Obama, in Havana's latest offer to try diplomacy to improve relations with the incoming Democratic administration in Washington, the Reuters news agency reported.

"With Obama, talks could happen anywhere he wants," Fidel Castro wrote his latest "reflection" published in state-run media Thursday.

"He should remember the carrot-and-stick approach will not work with our country," Castro wrote of Obama. "The sovereign rights of the Cuban people are not negotiable."

You can read the Reuters article here.

You can read Fidel Castro's column here (in Spanish).

Cuban-Americans: Majorities in Miami want an end to the embargo

A new survey of Cuban Americans in South Florida shows that a majority oppose the current policy towards Cuba and favor a lifting of the trade embargo, the Miami Herald reported.

The number of Cuban Americans opposed to U.S. policy has steadily grown over the last decade and now more than 50 percent of Miami-Dade Cuban Americans think the U.S. trade embargo against Cuba should end.
 
The new poll, conducted by Florida International University's Institute for Public Opinion Research, found that 55 percent of those interviewed favor ending the trade embargo and 65 percent favor reestablishing diplomatic relations with Cuba.

Similarly, 66 percent favor ending current restrictions on travel and remittances to Cuba for Cuban Americans and 67 percent favor ending travel restriction on travel to Cuba for all Americans.

The study took into account the age of those interviewed and for émigrés, the year in which they arrived in the United States.

''The poll has an extraordinary historical importance,'' said Guarione Díaz, president of the Cuban American National Council, a nonpartisan advocacy group in Miami. The results reflect ''the fact that the Cuban Americans who were born in the United States or left after 1980 do not have the same vision as those who came in the 60s,'' Díaz said.

The conservative Cuban Liberty Council, which has been credited with driving President Bush's policy on Cuba, quickly tried to discredit the results.

''I am tired of these polls that mean nothing,'' Director Ninoska Pérez told the Miami Herald. "The point is that three Congress members who support the embargo were elected by an overwhelming majority of the people. The reelection of these Congress members tells me that this sample is not a majority. I don't believe this poll.''

You can read the Miami Herald article here.

DIPLOMACY

Cuba will host Caribbean summit on financial crisis

Although Cuba is not a member of CARICOM, the Caribbean Community regional trade bloc, and does not have plans to join, it will host its leaders at a summit next week in Santiago, Cuba, the Associated Press reported.

Leaders from all 15 of the group's member states will attend the summit aimed at combating high food and energy costs, the global financial crisis and global warming.

Cuba maintains strong relations with members of CARICOM despite efforts by the United States to pressure member nations to isolate Havana, Cuban Deputy Foreign Minister Alejandro Gonzalez said this week.

"The relationship between Cuba and the Caribbean goes beyond matters of ideology," he said.

According to the Associated Press, good relations between CARICOM and Cuba stem in part from its small members' support for Cuba's defiance of the U.S., and from gratitude for medical and education aid that Cuba has given despite its own financial struggles.

Cuban doctors have performed more than 17 million checkups and 289,000 surgeries in CARICOM member countries, Gonzalez said

Norman Girvan, ex-Secretary General of the Association of Caribbean States, suggested that "the desire to maintain strong relations with Cuba has not weakened," and that he wouldn't be surprised to see CARICOM establish a common position in favor of Cuba being welcomed back in the Organization of American States (OAS), Agence France-Presse reported.

You can read the Associated Press article here.

You can read the Agence France-Presse article here (in Spanish).

Morales will lead international campaign in favor of Cuba's return to the OAS

The President of Bolivia, Evo Morales, announced last week that he will lead an international campaign in favor of Cuba's return to the Organization of American States (OAS), the Agence France-Presse reported.

"I still haven't talked to commander Chávez, but we are going to start a national and international campaign," Morales told a crowd of Quechan farmers.

Morales outlined the solidarity that Cuba has shown for Bolivia, sending over 1,000 doctors to attend to poor Bolivians, sending educators to lead a vast education campaign and even after Cuba suffered from a severe hurricane season, maintains free scholarships for over 5,000 Bolivians studying on the island.

Cuba has been suspended from the OAS since 1962.

"There can't be an OAS without Cuba, there can't be an OAS with the absence of some countries (...) and if Cuba doesn't return, my proposal is that we have to make another OAS without the United States," Morales added.

You can read the AFP article here (in Spanish).

Mexico sends Cubans home under new accord

Mexico is sending illegal Cuban migrants home for the first time under a new accord aimed at cutting off an increasingly violent human-trafficking route to the United States, an official told the Associated Press.

Before the agreement between the two governments was signed in October, migrants from Cuba were rarely sent back from Mexico.

Luis Alberto Molina, an immigration official in Quintana Roo state, said a group of migrants were being sent back without providing further details. An Associated Press photographer in Cancun saw about 60 immigrants being loaded on two buses early Thursday.

The U.S. Department of Homeland Security said 11,126 Cuban migrants used the Mexico route last year. According to the Associated Press, approximately 2,000 Cubans are currently being held in Mexican immigration detention centers.

You can read the Associated Press article here.

IN CUBA

Relations continue to improve between Cuba's government and the Catholic Church

When President Castro attended a special mass to beatify a 19th century Cuban friar known as the "father of the poor," it was another significant step toward improving relations with the Catholic Church, NBC News reported.

Leading up to the ceremonies, the Cuban press published numerous stories about the beatification of Friar Jose Olallo Valdes, and the event was broadcast on Cuban state television and radio.

President Castro sat in the front row during the three-hour mass and greeted the Vatican emissary along with the Papal Nuncio Luigi Bonazzi, Cuba's Cardinal Jaime Ortega and some two dozen other Cuban and foreign clergy.

According to Cardinal Ortega, relations between the Church and the government have continued improving since the visit of Pope John Paul II to the island in 1998.

Cardinal Bertone, the Secretary of State of the Vatican, was the first foreign dignitary that Raúl Castro met with after officially becoming Cuba's President in February.

After Cuba was hit by three hurricanes this season, the church and the government began working together to distribute food, medicines and roofing material to the half a million people left homeless. This cooperation is seen as another step forward in the improvement of church-state relations.

You can read the NBC News article here.

Raúl Castro's salary reform at risk of being delayed again

The labor reform proposed by Cuba's President, Raúl Castro, in which workers will receive salaries in accordance with the efficiency and quality of their work, continues to be delayed and could be postponed again, EFE reported based on local press reports.

The Cuban newspaper Trabajadores emphasized this week the "urgent need" of not leaving to "spontaneity" the tasks of enterprise reconstruction and adaptation to the new model that requires a system of "payment by results.

"Otherwise, when it is analyzed in February it's possible that the date of application will be postponed again (...) or a generalized failure to comply will be determined," the newspaper indicated.

The salary reform has been one of the defining elements of Castro's economic policy since taking over as president, aimed at changing the conception of "egalitarianism" in pay and other economic policies.

Granma published a note at the end of October announcing the extension until December 15th, giving companies more time to adapt to the new pay system, nearly five months after the initial August 1st deadline.

Trabajadores, citing sources from the Ministry of Work and Social Security, outlined the "principle problem" delaying the new pay system as the lack of studies dealing with the organization of workplaces that would serve as the basis for how salaries based on results would be determined.

Furthermore, it says that "few directors and bosses of the companies and institutes that will participate, have been involved and contributed to the process from its conception" and that a "sufficient number of union leaders have not been included in the process either."

A national inspection to assure that companies are complying will take place in February.

You can read the EFE article here (in Spanish).

Cuba continues to crack down on hurricane-related crimes

Tribuna, a government run newspaper, revealed that officials have prosecuted over 1,200 cases of hurricane-related crimes in the Havana area in the first half of November, news agencies reported.

Products stolen from the state in the aftermath of the hurricane included everything from gasoline and cement to rice, powdered milk and toothpaste, the Associated Press reported.

Thirty-four percent of those convicted for fraud, theft of government property and other crimes following the hurricanes were given jail sentences. Arrests were primarily for possessing large stolen stocks of goods the government had reserved for hurricane relief projects or for heavily subsidized state rations.

The Tribuna said of those arrested, about 8 percent were sentenced to work programs, 16 percent were given fines, 4 percent received probation and the rest were absolved, or their cases filed away.

More than 100 illegal factories, 60 clandestine workshops, and 200 houses used as black market stores were discovered and dismantled in a raid that took place over the last month, the EFE reported.

"In the city of Havana, we are in combat," the Tribuna article declared, saying the police actions were "in defense of the interests of the majority of the people."

It also warned that the black market "can put the very existence of the Revolution in danger."

You can read the Associated Press article here.

You can read the EFE article here (in Spanish).

Recommended Reading:

The Case for a New Cuba Policy: Why diplomatic and humanitarian engagement would be good politics and great foreign policy, Jake Colvin

 "The Case for a New Cuba Policy," written by Jake Colvin, Vice President of Global Affairs for the National Foreign Trade Council and a Fellow with the New Ideas Fund, "provides a roadmap for the Obama Administration to fundamentally reform the United States' failed policy of isolating Cuba," said Cal Dooley, a former Member of Congress from California.

AP Analysis: Obama free to change US-Cuba policy

Associated Press writer Anita Snow writes that "Barack Obama will be the first American president in nearly 50 years to have a relatively free hand in deciding whether to ease punitive Cold War-era policies toward communist Cuba, and the foreign policy team he announced this week seems predisposed to make it happen."

Around the Region:

Human rights issues remain high on Jim McGovern's agenda, Worcester Telegram & Gazette

Chavez launches new bid for reelection, the Reuters new agency

Ecuador President Heads for First-Ever Official Visit to Iran, AFP


Until next week,


The Cuba Central Team
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